The English National cross-country title was won on 16 occasions by members of Northern clubs from its inception in 1883 to the eve of World War II. The golden era was from 1927 to 1937 with eight victories out of 11. Actually, there were only two years – 1928 and...

Introduction: Various theories have been put forward for the origins of the pole vault, and the York-based athletics historian, Ian Tempest, sums them up neatly in his 2008 handbook about the event published by the National Union of Track Statisticians. He notes that...